Tarzan Introduction from Turner Classic Movies
Tarzan, the fictional British lord who was raised by apes to become
a brawny jungle hero, was introduced in a story by novelist Edgar Rice
Burroughs in 1913 and first appeared on film in 1918. His story has been
told in endless variations ever since. Arguably, however, the ape man's
Golden Age was the series of movies made by MGM in the 1930s and '40s featuring
Olympic swimming champ Johnny Weissmuller as Tarzan and Maureen O'Sullivan
as Jane.
Weissmuller, with his splendid physique and underdeveloped voice (except
for those yells), seemed just right as the loin-clothed Tarzan, and O'Sullivan
brought a delicacy to Jane that helped keep the couple's underdressed jungle
adventures from seeming crass. Their first film together, Tarzan the Ape
Man (1932), generally follows the Burroughs original in relating how Jane
travels to darkest Africa with her great-white-hunter father (C. Aubrey
Smith). After being kidnapped by Tarzan, she learns to love her uncivilized
captor and decides to remain permanently in the jungle.
The second entry in the series, Tarzan and His Mate (1934), is considered
by many the best of the Weissmuller/O'Sullivan Tarzan films. Like the first,
it is aimed at adults and celebrates the sensual side of the unmarried
couple's relationship, complete with a sexy skinny-dipping scene. The plot
of this one revolves around a nasty ivory hunger (Paul Cavanagh) who, much
to Tarzan's displeasure, wants to plunder an elephant graveyard.
By the time of Tarzan Escapes! (1936), the film industry's Production
Code dictated that Tarzan and Jane wear less revealing clothing and assume
the characteristics of a married couple. This film, which involves a plot
by a British hunter to kidnap Tarzan and put him on display in England,
marks a change of direction in that it is designed as family fare.
In Tarzan Finds a Son (1939), Johnny Sheffield joins the family unit
as Boy, who is found as an infant in a plane crash and raised by Tarzan
and Jane. The original plan was to kill off Jane at the end of this film,
but Burroughs objected and O'Sullivan returned to play Jane in two more
entries in the series, Tarzan's New York Adventure (1942) and Tarzan's
Secret Treasure (1941). Weissmuller appeared in yet another half-dozen
Tarzan films for RKO before turning to another character, Jungle Jim.
Our tribute includes the world television premiere of Tarzan: Silver
Screen King of the Jungle (2004), a new, feature-length documentary about
Tarzan on the screen, featuring interviews with Maureen O'Sullivan and
Johnny Weissmuller, Jr., as well as several noted film historians and Tarzan
experts.
The movies in TCM's tribute to Tarzan are Tarzan the Ape Man (1932),
Tarzan and His Mate (1934), Tarzan Escapes! (1936), Tarzan Finds a Son
(1939) and the documentary Tarzan: Silver Screen King of the Jungle (2004).
by Roger Fristoe
TCM Film Descriptions at:
Introduction
Tarzan,
The Ape Man
Tarzan:
Silver Screen King of the Jungle
Tarzan
and His Mate
Tarzan
Escapes
Tarzan
Finds a Son
Digitally
OBSESSED! DVD Review
A good review on the new Warner Boxed Set of Weissmuller/O'Sullivan
Tarzans
Excerpt:
"The highlight of the special features is the new full-length documentary,
Tarzan: Silver Screen King of the Jungle (01h:19m:54s), which was co-produced
by Turner Classic Movies. Film historians Rudy Behlmer and Robert Osborne
are interviewed, as are Johnny Weissmuller, Jr., Burroughs historian Scott
Tracey Griffin, and Maureen O'Sullivan (though hers is not new to this
documentary). . . . " "Thanks to Warner Bros., the best collection
of Tarzan adventures ever to grace the screen is now available to own in
an appetizing boxed set."
More Reviews:
DVD Talk
Tarzan
and Jane on the Trail to the Suburbs: New York Times Review
Amazon:
Purchase and Review
Tarzan
collection violent, sexy: London Free Press (Canada)
An
early %!@$* Christmas gift for movie lovers: Winnipeg Sun
Harry
Knowle's Ain't It Cool News
THE TARZAN COLLECTION (TARZAN THE APE MAN / TARZAN AND
HIS MATE / TARZAN ESCAPES / TARZAN FINDS A SON / TARZAN AND THE SECRET
TREASURE / TARZAN’S NEW YORK ADVENTURE)
UNGAWA THIS SET NOW! I’ve just gotten finished watching
all 6 of the original MGM Tarzan movies starring Johnny Weissmuller and
Maureen O’Sullivan and GOD I LOVE THESE MOVIES. My nephew just watched
TARZAN FINDS A SON and TARZAN’S NEW YORK ADVENTURE, and he’s in the other
room trying to laugh like Cheetah and keeps pointing at his Granpa and
shouting, “UNGAWA!” Ahhh, great! Weissmuller babysat me when I was a little
boy and I remember him as being a great storyteller and I’ve had a lifelong
affinity with his films and the works of Edgar Rice Burroughs as a result.
This set is the jewel of the June releases. In addition to getting the
6 best Weissmuller TARZAN films, you get a great documentary which reveals
things like… One of the original Cheetahs is still alive in Florida at
the age of 71!!! It also features some great footage of Maureen O’Sullivan
and Johnny Weismuller Jr telling stories about the days of loin cloths
and censor bureaus! Also – you have got to see Jimmy Durante in the short
subject SCHNARZAN THE CONQUEROR… Jimmy Durante in a loin cloth is high
up there in my unimaginable things, but lightning strike me if I didn’t
laugh till I hurt. TARZAN AND HIS MATE is my favorite, but man… I’d love
to see the long lost Bat sequence out of TARZAN ESCAPES! The nude underwater
swimming sequence with Jane is just gorgeous, as is every scene of her
in that gorgeous two piece loin cloth… and for my money, she looks way
better than Raquel Welch in ONE MILLION YEARS B.C.! There’s something more
sensual, honest and real about Maureen. Plus the animal training is superb
and the matte paintings of the escarpment are truly gorgeous. It diverges
from Burroughs’ books tremendously, but what many of you don’t know… is
that was a stipulation from Burroughs. He didn’t want them adapting any
of his stories. As a result, they invented Cheetah and the Elephant Graveyard
storyline. Jane had a last name change and it became more of a romantic
realm than anything. One of the great Hollywood Series ever made. For my
money, it’s definitely the best Six Film Series made!
New
York Times Review
Tarzan and Jane on the Trail to the Suburbs
By Dave Kehr
Published: June 27, 2004
N 1932, Irving Thalberg cast the former Olympic swimming champion Johnny
Weissmuller as Tarzan and the willowy Irish beauty Maureen O'Sullivan as
Jane in "Tarzan the Ape Man," and one of Hollywood's most memorable screen
couples was born.
There would be five more Weissmuller-O'Sullivan films before MGM terminated
the series in 1942 (at which point Weissmuller took the franchise to RKO,
continuing solo). All six are now available in a handsome DVD boxed set
from Warner Home Video, and watching them straight through tells a compelling
story, though not necessarily the one presented by their maddeningly repetitive
plots.
Beneath the abbreviated jungle drag, here is an ideal American couple
gradually growing up, discovering their bodies and the joys of sensuality
in a back-lot jungle that still manages to evoke the innocence of Eden.
But these lustful young lovers of the first two films soon evolve into
a far more conventional middle-class couple, a transformation forced both
by the strict censorship of the Production Code, adopted by Hollywood in
1934, and the return to materialist values that the early years of the
Depression had profoundly discouraged. The back-to-nature proto-hippies
of the first two films become the model American homeowners who would populate
the booming suburbs of the postwar years.
It isn't Tarzan who changes — he remains an amiable, dim-witted hunk,
with improbably Brylcreemed hair and a vocabulary that seldom gets beyond
his all-purpose exhortation, "Ungawa!"— but rather Jane and Jane's attitude
toward her primitive lover. In the first film, directed by W. S. Van Dyke,
Jane is a feisty young woman who surprises her explorer father (C. Aubrey
Smith) by dropping in on his base camp, somewhere in central Africa. Jane
is proud of her budding womanhood (she displays herself in a slip to her
embarrassed father in a creepy, vaguely incestuous scene) and at first
seems interested in her father's lieutenant, a great white hunter played
by MGM's resident society fop, Neil Hamilton.
But when she first sees Tarzan, making his dramatic entrance 33 minutes
into the film, she realizes what she's been missing: he's a strong, silent
type who sweeps Jane away into his nest, where he starts picking off her
clothes in a way that strikingly anticipates King Kong's inspection of
Fay Wray in "King Kong" (1933). "Let me go, you brute!" protests Jane,
but she's soon overwhelmed by his manly beauty (Weissmuller's only previous
screen experience had been playing Adonis in a Florenz Ziegfeld musical
revue movie, "Glorifying the American Girl") and succumbs to his charms
in the sort of fade-out that 1930's audiences knew perfectly well how to
read.
But it is Tarzan's boyish innocence that attracts her as much as his
mighty pecs. "I love saying things to a man who doesn't understand," Jane
sighs. He's both her lover and her child, a tower of masculinity who needs
a woman to take care of him.
"Tarzan and His Mate," credited to MGM's chief art director, Cedric
Gibbons (who was in fact replaced after three weeks of shooting by the
MGM stalwart Jack Conway and the second unit director James McKay), had
been filmed before the Production Code went into effect and released afterward,
in 1934, with much of its graphic violence and still-startling nudity removed.
A print of the original cut found in the MGM archives is the version used
here (which accounts for its somewhat raggedy shape, as compared to the
excellent transfers of the other films). In its uncensored form, it's an
amazingly frank, sexy frolic: shy, adolescent lovers in the first film,
Tarzan and Jane are now frisky newlyweds, going for an underwater swim
in the buff (the Olympic swimmer Josephine McKim stood in for O'Sullivan)
that is as open an expression of sexual pleasure as anything in American
cinema.
But by the time of "Tarzan Escapes!" (1936), Jane has converted their
tiny jungle nest into something resembling a split-level tree house. "I
designed the kitchen myself," she tells a visitor from the outside world,
"with hot and cold running water and all the conveniences," including an
elephant-powered elevator. The couple that seemed so bohemian, living blissfully
beyond society in the first two films, are now struggling homeowners. Jane
stands cooking in the kitchen (using Flintstones-style utensils craftily
fashioned from sticks and stones), while Tarzan heads off for work each
morning (gathering food, but still) with the grim determination of a seasoned
commuter. Jane's sexy, two-piece costume in the first films has given way
to a demure dress that ends just above the knees; Tarzan's loincloth has
expanded to cover more of his posterior; and youthful impetuousness is
about to give way to adult responsibilities.
The title "Tarzan Finds a Son!" (1939) says a lot about the evolution
of censorship in the 1930's — the young couple of "Tarzan and His Mate"
would have had no trouble making one of their own. Boy (Johnny Sheffield)
literally drops out of the sky, the sole survivor of a plane crash that
killed his aristocratic parents. There is little question now who is the
center of Jane's universe, and the erotic underwater ballet, a staple of
the series, now becomes a family outing, with Boy joining his adoptive
parents for a healthy morning swim.
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"We live above and beyond maps, in a world of our own," says Jane in
"Tarzan's Secret Treasure" (1941), but the outside world is encroaching,
as represented by the Anglo visitors who drop by with increasing frequency.
In "Secret Treasure," it is a film crew that passes through, suggesting
that the end is very near for the happy family's isolation. Cheetah, Tarzan's
lovable chimpanzee companion, has now become a sort of comic maid, helping
Jane wash the dishes and operating the rope and pulley fan system that
Tarzan has constructed to cool their arboreal retreat. A social system
is definitely imposing itself on this little corner of unspoiled nature,
and Jane seems more and more like a suburban matron, presiding over her
little patch of upstate paradise.
In "Tarzan's New York Adventure" (1942), the couple are finally forced
to leave their jungle home, traveling to New York in search of Boy, who
has been kidnapped by an unscrupulous circus promoter. Weissmuller tucks
his thickening waistline into a boxy double-breasted suit, and Jane once
again gets to look sharp in the latest fashions. But their visit duplicates
that of many staunch suburbanites — they find the city loud and dirty,
and are eager to get back to the peace and calm of the jungle.
Two years after Van Dyke introduced Weissmuller and O'Sullivan in "Tarzan
the Ape Man," he created another memorable couple for MGM — Nick and Nora
Charles (William Powell and Myrna Loy) in the 1934 movie "The Thin Man."
The urbane, alcoholic sleuths of "The Thin Man" at first could not seem
further removed from the clean-living Tarzan family ("Whiskey bad!" sniffs
Tarzan, though Cheetah has been known to take a slug or two).
But the two families are in fact inverted images of each other. They
come from wildly divergent origins, but eventually succumb to the same
middle-class temptations (Nora leads Nick out of his San Francisco apartment
into a single house with a big back yard) and acquire the same grown-up
responsibilities. Not only do Nick and Nora reproduce, in the sixth film
of the series, "Song of the Thin Man" (1947), but so does Asta, their faithful
animal companion. Like the "Thin Man" series, the Weissmuller-O'Sullivan
Tarzan films end on a queasy, ambiguous note, full of optimism for the
future but haunted by the suspicion that something wonderful has been lost.
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